Contents
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Perception
SaccadesPerception · One quick glance is sometimes not enough: what is happening on the road may change while your gaze shifts.Peripheral visionPerception · Peripheral vision helps you notice movement nearby while you look farther down the road.Distributing your attentionPerception · Keep your main focus further down the road. Check nearby cars, the surface, and your mirrors briefly so you do not lose the wider picture.Judging speedPerception · Assess the distance to a car together with how quickly the gap between you is closing.Blind spotsPerception · A driver may simply not see a motorcycle in a blind spot. Avoid lingering there.Attention and fatiguePerception · When tired, you stare at one point longer, judge closing speed less accurately, and respond to hazards later.Looked but did not seePerception · A driver can look straight at you and still start a maneuver. Pay attention above all to the car's movement.Using your eyesPerception · Look beyond the nearest car. Notice nearby movement with peripheral vision, and look ahead for anything that may require a change of speed or line.
Strategy
Riding strategiesStrategy · Passive riding adapts to traffic; defensive riding preserves room to maneuver; assertive riding more often chooses when to close and pass other vehicles.Space around the motorcycleStrategy · Choose a position with enough room to brake and maneuver, where nearby vehicles do not block your view.When to accelerateStrategy · Strong acceleration requires a clear view ahead and enough distance to brake afterward.Rain and poor visibilityStrategy · In rain, fog, or low sun, choose your speed for the visibility and grip available, even on a familiar road.Highway riding and monotonyStrategy · After a long straight stretch, high speed stops feeling fast. An unchanging road gradually dulls your attention and that of the drivers around you.
Tactics
Road positionTactics · Choose your lane position based on the situation. Sometimes the center is better; sometimes you need to move to one side.IntersectionsTactics · Even with a green light, slow down slightly and check both sides: a vehicle could still enter from the side, or someone could run out.Anticipating another driver's moveTactics · Wheel angle and lateral movement may reveal a maneuver before the turn signal does. A gap in traffic shows where a driver may try to change lanes.The hidden part of a cornerTactics · Choose a speed that leaves time to react to an obstacle just beyond the limit of your view.When someone follows too closelyTactics · When the driver behind leaves too little distance, create more space ahead so you can brake earlier and more smoothly.
Skills
Safer motorcycle ridingSkills · Crash avoidance requires several skills: anticipating hazards, keeping space, choosing a suitable speed, and controlling the motorcycle confidently.Skills mapSkills · Basic actions should become automatic. Other skills help you stay in control in more complex situations.Basic riding habitsSkills · Build habits around mirror checks, turn signals, looking to the sides, and braking readiness so basic controls do not consume attention when traffic becomes complex.Returning after a breakSkills · After winter or a long break, start with low-speed riding, braking, and simple maneuvers. Return to your usual pace gradually.Practice-area exercisesSkills · You do not need a prepared course to practice. Start with low-speed circles, then use two markers for GP8 and more demanding exercises.Intentional countersteeringSkills · Intentional countersteering helps you quickly initiate lean and precisely change your line.Cornering controlSkills · A wide, smooth arc requires less lean. In a blind corner, do not hurry toward the inside until you can see the exit.Throttle controlSkills · The throttle changes speed and the load on the wheels. Smooth throttle inputs help you control acceleration and line more precisely.Slow-speed ridingSkills · At low speed, steady throttle, the clutch's friction zone, rear brake, steering, and where you look all work together.Hanging off and counterbalancingSkills · Hanging off and counterbalancing change the body's position relative to the motorcycle and the motorcycle's required lean angle.Emergency brakingSkills · Emergency braking starts quickly, but lever pressure builds gradually as the front wheel loads.Emergency swerveSkills · If there is enough distance, slow down first. Before a quick swerve, ease off or release the brake, and only then change lean quickly.Lowside and highsideSkills · In a lowside, the motorcycle falls inward and slides. In a highside, the rear tire loses grip and regains it abruptly, which can throw the rider from the seat.Wobble and instabilitySkills · Distinguish a light handlebar shake from severe wobble, avoid abrupt inputs, and inspect the motorcycle afterward.Poor road surfaceSkills · On a slippery or loose section, slow down in advance, straighten the motorcycle as much as possible, and ride through smoothly.Rails and longitudinal obstaclesSkills · Rails, longitudinal seams, and grooves are easier to cross when you choose your line and crossing angle in advance.Quick motorcycle checkSkills · A few simple checks before setting out can help you spot a problem before the ride.After a crashSkills · After a crash, first assess the situation and your condition. Then deal with the motorcycle and decide whether you can continue the ride.Riding with a passengerSkills · With a passenger, the motorcycle is heavier, squats more at the rear, and requires more margin for braking, acceleration, and maneuvers.
Group riding
Group ridingGroup riding · A small group is easier to ride in when, before setting off, everyone knows the route, pace, riding order, and what to do if they fall behind.Motorcycle convoysGroup riding · In a large convoy, everyone knows their place beforehand. Riders change position in sequence, and signals are passed all the way through the group.
Physics
Grip budgetPhysics · Each tire has a limited amount of grip. Cornering, braking, and acceleration share that budget.Load transferPhysics · Braking transfers load forward, acceleration transfers it rearward, and bumps rapidly change the load on both wheels.Speed, radius, and leanPhysics · A higher speed or tighter turn requires more motorcycle lean. That leaves less grip for braking and changing your line.Speed: time, distance, and energyPhysics · Higher speed increases the distance traveled during your reaction time, the braking distance, and the motorcycle's kinetic energy.
At your own risk
Questionable maneuversAt your own risk · These maneuvers depend on the situation for safety and acceptability; some violate Russian traffic rules. Weigh the benefit, new risks, and exit before attempting one.Filtering between lanesAt your own risk · Between lanes, monitor your speed and the speed difference to traffic. Before entering, know where you will finish and where you can move if the gap closes.Stop-line positionAt your own risk · Clear space ahead may let you move away from a car that cannot stop in time behind you. Before moving, check for traffic crossing from the side.